Maria Josepha Debre, Ph.D.
maria.debre@aya.yale.edu
Lecturer
Universität Potsdam
Year of PhD: 2018
Country: Germany
I am a lecturer and post-doctoral researcher at the Faculty for Economic and Social Sciences at Potsdam University and an associate researcher in the ERC project "Decline and Death of International Organizations" at Maastricht University. I hold a PhD in International Relations from Free University Berlin (2018) where I was a research fellow at the KFG Research Group "The Transformative Power of Europe", and have been a Fox International Fellow at the Whitney and Betty MacMillan Center for International and Area Studies at Yale University (2017/2018). In my research, I focus on the role of regime type in global governance and challenges and transformations to multilateral organizations. I am particularly interested in the effects of regional and international inter-governmental organizations on the domestic survival politics of authoritarian regimes, on consequences of regime type for the design of global governance institutions, as well as survival and death of international organizations. I work predominantly with quantitative and mix-methods research designs and also specialise in the politics of the the Muslim World. My work has been published in the Review of International Organizations, the European Journal of International Relations or Democratization.
Research Interests
International Law & Organization
Gender and Politics
Non-Democratic Regimes
Middle East & North African Politics
Comparative Regionalism
Authoritarian Politics
Institutional Design
Gender & Institutions
Countries of Interest
Bahrain
Saudi Arabia
Jordan
China
Zimbabwe
My Research:
My research is situated at the intersection of international relations and comparative politics. I am interested in the domestic impact of regional cooperation between authoritarian regimes, in international aspects of gender inequality, as well as the drivers and consequences of institutional design of International Organizations. My research draws on a combination of quantitative research and case-based analysis with a special focus on the Middle East.
Die zunehmende Verfügbarkeit von Daten und Informationen von und über Internationale Organisationen (IOs) auf deren Webseiten hat zu einem grundlegenden Wandel der IO-Forschung in Bezug auf Empirie, Methodik und Forschungspraxis geführt. Seit das Studienobjekt IO nur noch einen Klick entfernt ist, ist die Analyse auch kleinerer, regionaler und vormals »black-boxed« IOs sowie der Trend weg von Einzelfallstudien und hin zu Sample-basierten, quantitativen Forschungsdesigns weit vorangeschritten. Allerdings bieten nicht alle IO-Webseiten die für eine crosscase-Analyse notwendigen Informationen in hinreichender Breite, historischer Rückschau sowie Qualität an. In diesem Forumsbeitrag diskutieren wir die Hinwendung zu einer »digitalen Empirie« in der IO-Forschung kritisch. Insbesondere reproduziert die gegenwärtige quantitative IO-Forschung einen Selektionsbias der vorherigen Generation qualitativer Forschung hin zu stark institutionalisierten, globalen und prominenten Organisationen - und unterminiert damit die Chancen und Potenziale einer »digitalen Empirie«. Wir plädieren daher für einen sorgfältigeren, kritischeren und reflektierteren Umgang mit online gewonnenen Informationen und Daten.
Autocratic regimes have developed a new strategy to overcome the high costs of either fully complying or not complying with the international norm of external election observation. This article explains how many dictators and dominant parties deploy ‘shadow’ election observation groups over professional observation groups as part of a mock compliance strategy. By supplanting the identity of the group judging elections and displacing the normative standard being applied, autocratic regimes have sought to gain democratic-procedural legitimation via flawed elections. This argument is evidenced using case studies of parliamentary and presidential elections in Cambodia, Zimbabwe and Egypt, which show that legitimation driven by shadow observation groups has become a globally applied strategy. The conclusion offers policy proscriptions for how to counteract the deployment of these groups and what the emergence of this phenomenon means for the study of autocratic legitimation.
Der 12. Dezember 2015 markierte einen historischen Moment für die Frauen in Saudi-Arabien: Zum ersten Mal in der Geschichte des Landes durften sie an den dortigen Kommunalwahlen teilnehmen. Damit ist die Monarchie am Golf das letzte Land der Welt, das Frauen ihr Wahlrecht zugesteht. Laut der saudischen Wahlkommission wurden von den 979 weiblichen Kandidatinnen zwanzig Frauen in die Bezirksräte gewählt; über 130.000 hatten sich im Vorfeld als Wählerinnen registriert
HOW GLOBAL EFFORTS TO PROMOTE REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS CAN STRENGTHEN AUTHORITARIAN REGIMES Regional organizations – such as the African Union, the Association for South East Asian Nations, the Common Market of the South, the Arab League, and the Commonwealth of Independent States – have mushroomed since the 1990s. Inspired by the success of the European Union, states around the world have sought to institutionalize cooperation to promote sustained socio-economic development, liberalize trade, secure peace and stability, and promote democracy and human rights. Although regionalism has long been hailed as the solution to collective problems, there is also a dark side to regional integration. Current research shows that autocratic regimes can exploit regional structures to strengthen their hold on power and boost non-democratic rule. This is particularly worrisome given that the European Union and the United States are – with increasing frequency – channeling funding for democracy promotion through these regional institutions. Unintentionally, democracy promotors may end up strengthening authoritarian regimes.
Der Club der Monarchien – Saudi-Arabiens Kampf um den Erhalt der sunnitisch-royalen Vormachtstellung im Nahen Osten Der neue saudische König Salman versucht, das Bestehen der sunnitischen Königshäuser am Golf durch verstärkte Zusammenarbeit im Golfkooperationsrat zu sichern. Dieser „Club der Monarchien“ sieht sich vor allem von einem wiedererstarkten Iran bedroht. Doch auch der islamistische Terror, die zunehmende Öffnung der islamischen Gesellschaften durch internationale Vernetzung sowie der starke Ölpreisverfall stellen die Zukunft der Golfmonarchen auf wacklige Beine.
Omans ungewisse Zukunft – dem Sultanat droht eine Nachfolgekrise Sultan Qaboos bin Said, der absolute Herrscher des Omans, könnte schon bald an einem Krebsleiden versterben. Seine ungeregelte Nachfolge birgt die Gefahr eines Machtvakuums im Land, das Auswirkungen auf die Stabilität des Sultanats, das Machtgefüge auf der Arabischen Halbinsel und die aktuellen Atomverhandlungen zwischen Iran und den USA haben könnte
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